'Inna

Rules regarding a word joined by a conjunction with the noun of 'Inna or with one of its sisters.

Consider the following sentence



إن زيدا قائم

Indeed, Zaid [is] standing

Zaid is the noun (اسم) of 'inna and qaa'imun is the predicate (خبر)




Now if we were to add another noun to the sentence at the end (i.e. after the completion of this sentence) then the word could be in the accusative case (منصوب) or the nominative case (مرفوع).




Let's say we decide to add a noun with a conjunction



We could add it as


إن زيدا قائم وعمرا


or


إن زيدا قائم وعلي




In the first example, the noun (عمرا) is in the accusative case based on the fact that Zaid (زيدا) is also in the accusative case



In the second example, the noun (علي) it is in the nominative case. This can be understood based on looking at the sentence in two ways:

• علي is attached based on the fact that Zaid is in reality the subject of the sentence and had it not been for 'inna it would have been in the nominative case.
  
  
• The word علي is attached based on it being a part of an entire sentence the predicate of which is omitted and in reality two sentences are joined by means of a conjunction and the meaning is

إن زيدا قائم وعلي كذلك

Indeed, Zaid [is] standing and 'Ali [is] like that





All the above rules are applicable if the word is added after the completion of the sentence with a conjunction and not prior to the predicate. Rules regarding addition of a word to a sentence prior to mention of the predicate differ.

If a noun was to be added prior to the predicate, then the noun must be in the accusative case.


إن زيدا وعليا قائمان


Only some have permitted the nominative case.